PHP servers (Ex Apache, Nginx) have a ability to send emails to destination using mail() function by default. Probably in local machines (localhost) need to be configured accordingly.
If at all, it reaches the destination properly, the dispatched emails will not benefit from the DKIM and SPF policies (where DKIM provides an encryption key, digital signature and SPF allows email senders to define the IP address which are allowed to send from particular domain).
Also default mailing server will have a limitation to send emails like number of emails per hour and the email deliverable is not guaranteed.
Failure / Bounce back messages cannot be tracked properly.
Due to above reasons, the emails are considered as Spam or not verified emails at the Receivers MTA (mail server)
SMTP into the Picture NOW:
To standardize email messages and verify the sender, SMTP should be used on top of PHP mail server.
SMTP will process emails messages into small fringes of text which can be identified by servers and SMTP provided codes to the server which can be decoded.
Also the messages sent via SMTP will carry DKIM and SPF signatures to verify the sender and place the emails in receivers inbox instead of Spam
So it is always recommended to use SMTP in PHP applications.
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